Language Translator , compiler , interpretor , assembler , system utility , what is compiler? , what is interpretor? , what is assembler? || B Tech , BCA , BSc || #ddu #Computer

Language Translator , compiler , interpretor , assembler , system utility , what is compiler? , what is interpretor? , what is assembler? || B Tech , BCA , BSc || #ddu #Computer

Language Translators

Computer only understand a language consisting of 0’s and 1’s called machine language. Programs written in this language are difficult to write and understand. Therefore, special programming language called high-level language were developed that reassembled natural languages like English. Therefore, a tool was required which could translate a program written in a programming language to machine language. So whenever a new programming language developed, a language translator was also developed. Language translators help in converting programming instructions into the 0s and 1s that the computer is able to process. Depending on the programming language used, language translators are divided into three major categories : Compilers, Interpreter and Assembler.

Assemblers

Compared to all the types of programming languages assembly language is closest to the machine code. An assembly language program cannot be directly executed by a computer. It has to be converted into machine language before the computer can interpret and execute it. An assembler is a program that translates a program written in assembly language into a machine executable code.

Compilers

Compilers are the translator that translate high level language programs (source code) into machine code at once and this machine code is   executed afterwards. The translated machine code is known as an object code.

Interpreters

An interpreter is the language translator for the third-generation programming languages. Rather than generating object code for the entire source code, this class of translators examines and executes on a line by line basis. Each line of source code is scanned, parsed, translated, and executed before moving on to the next line.

Interpreter takes one statement of a high-level language program, translates it into machine language instructions, and then   immediately executes the resulting machine language instructions. That is, the translation and execution processes alternate for each   statement encountered in the high-level language program.

System Utility

Utility programs are a collection of programs that assist the users in performing routine tasks and in system maintenance tasks. These   programs or system utilities greatly speed up and simplify the user of a computer and improve program efficiency. The tasks that are   commonly performed by utility programs are as follows:

•  Finding a specific file from a repository of files.
•  Checking the amount of available memory and storage space on hard disk.
•  Formatting hard disks or floppy disks.
•  Taking file backups on a tape or floppy disks.
•  Scanning the system for computer viruses.

The utility programs also help in conserving storage space by reorganising files. Disk Defragmenter and virus scanners, backup, data recovery, firewall are few commonly used utility programs.

Device Drivers

Device drivers are special software programs created by peripheral device manufactures to facilitate the computer in communicating with the peripheral devices, like printer and mouse. Drivers, according to the device setting , have the ability to convert the data supplied by the computer and then transfer it to the device to work on it. In other words, a device driver instructs a hardware device the way it should accept input from the operating system and the way in which it should communicate with the other units of the computer system.

 

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